Insulatorssu ne na'urori na musamman na rufewa waɗanda za su iya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin layin watsawa sama.A cikin shekarun farko, ana amfani da insulators galibi akan sandunan amfani, kuma a hankali an haɓaka su zuwa hasumiya na haɗin waya mai ƙarfi inda aka rataye yawancin insulators masu siffar diski a gefe ɗaya.An yi amfani da shi don ƙara nisa mai rarrafe, yawanci ana yin shi da gilashi ko yumbu, kuma ana kiransa insulator.Insulators suna taka rawa guda biyu na asali a cikin layukan watsa sama, wato tallafawa wayoyi da kuma hana motsi daga dawowa ƙasa.Dole ne a tabbatar da waɗannan ayyuka guda biyu.Bai kamata insulators su gaza ba saboda matsalolin injin lantarki daban-daban da ke haifar da canje-canje a cikin yanayi da yanayin nauyin lantarki.In ba haka ba, insulator ba zai taka muhimmiyar rawa ba, kuma zai lalata rayuwar sabis da rayuwar aiki na dukan layin.
Insulator: Wani abu ne da yake gyarawa da kuma dakatar da wayar da ke kan hasumiya ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba.Insulators da aka fi amfani da su don layin watsa wutar lantarki sune: insulators mai siffa mai siffa, gilashin gilashin diski,
Dakatar da sandahada insulators.(1) Masu ba da kwalabe na kwalabe: masu insulators na gida suna da yawan lalacewa, suna buƙatar gano ƙimar sifili, kuma suna da babban aikin kulawa.
A yayin da walƙiya ta tashi da ƙazamin ƙazanta, haɗarin zaren zaren na iya faruwa, kuma a hankali an kawar da su.(2) Gilashin insulator: Ba shi da fashewar kai, amma yawan fashewar kai yana da ƙasa sosai (gaba ɗaya 'yan dubu goma).Ba a buƙatar dubawa don kulawa.Idan akwai fashewar kai na sassan gilashin mai zafi, ragowar ƙarfin injin zai kai fiye da 80% na ƙarfin karya, wanda har yanzu zai iya tabbatar da amincin aiki na layin.Ba za a sami faɗuwar hatsarori na jeri-ka-da-kai ba idan an sami faɗuwar walƙiya da ƙazantar ƙazanta.An yi amfani da shi sosai a wuraren gurɓataccen Class I da Class II.(3) Composite insulator: Yana da fa'idodi na kyakkyawan aikin walƙiya na hana gurɓataccen gurɓataccen iska, nauyi mai nauyi, ƙarfin injina, da ƙarancin kulawa, kuma an yi amfani dashi sosai a wuraren gurɓatawa na matakin III da sama.
Insulators: Insulators an fi sani da kwalabe na porcelain, waɗanda suke da insulators da ake amfani da su don tallafawa wayoyi.Insulators na iya tabbatar da isassun rufi don masu jagoranci, ketare makamai da hasumiya.Ya kamata ya iya jure wa nauyin nauyi a cikin madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar waya da tashin hankali a cikin madaidaiciyar hanya yayin aiki.Hakanan yana jure wa rana, ruwan sama, sauyin yanayi da lalata sinadarai.Saboda haka, insulators dole ne su kasance da kyawawan kaddarorin lantarki da isasshen ƙarfin injina.Ingancin insulator yana da matukar mahimmanci ga amintaccen aiki na layin.Za a iya raba insulators zuwa goyan bayan insulators, suspension insulators, anti-pollution insulators da bushing insulators bisa ga tsarinsu.Dangane da manufar, ana iya raba shi gabaɗaya zuwa nau'ikan uku: insulators na layi, insulators na tallafi na substation da bushings.Dangane da kayan insulator.A halin yanzu akwai ain, gilashin da kuma insulators hadaddun kwayoyin halitta.Abubuwan insulators da ake amfani da su a cikin layukan kan sama ana amfani da su na fil, insulators na malam buɗe ido, suspension insulators, ain giciye-arms, sanda insulators da tashin hankali insulators.Akwai nau'o'i biyu na kuskuren lantarki a cikin insulators: flashover da rushewa.Flashover yana faruwa a saman insulator, kuma ana iya ganin alamun ƙonawa, amma yawanci aikin rufewa ba ya ɓacewa;raguwa yana faruwa a cikin insulator, kuma fitarwa yana faruwa ta jikin yumbura tsakanin hular ƙarfe da ƙafar ƙarfe.Za a iya lalatar da insulators gaba ɗaya ta hanyar harbi.Don rushewar, ya kamata a ba da hankali ga bincika alamun fitar da konewar ƙafar ƙarfe.Domin a hana datti kamar ƙura mai iyo daga mannewa saman insulator, an samar da wata hanya wacce wutar lantarki ta karye a ƙarshen insulator, wato, creepage.Saboda haka, nisan da ke sama yana ƙaruwa, wato, nisan creepage, da kuma nisan da ake fitarwa tare da insulating surface, wato, nisan yabo, ana kiransa nisan creepage.
Distance Creepage= nesanta saman saman/mafi girman wutar lantarki na tsarin.Dangane da girman gurɓataccen yanayi, nisa mai rarrafe shine gabaɗaya 31 mm/ kowace kilovolt a cikin gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanki.Ana iya yanke hukunci kai tsaye bisa ga adadin insulators, gabaɗaya, 23 don 500kv;16 don 330kv;220kv 9;110kv 5;wannan ita ce mafi ƙarancin lamba, kuma za a sami ƙarin ɗaya ko biyu.Ainihin layin watsa 500kv yana amfani da na'urori masu rarraba hudu, wato, akwai guda hudu na lokaci daya, 220kv yana amfani da masu rarraba fiye da biyu, kuma 110kv yana amfani da daya.Kimanin insulator 1 shine 6-10KV, insulators 3 sune 35KV, layin 60KV ba su ƙasa da guda 5 ba, insulators 7 sune 110KV, insulators 11 shine 220KV, insulators 16 sune 330KV;28 insulators tabbas 500KV ne.Don fil insulators ƙasa da 35KV, babu bambanci a cikin adadin guda.Layin sama da 10KV yawanci suna amfani da sandunan siminti guda 10-12m da insulators na fil.Matsakaicin madaidaiciya tsakanin sandunan yana da kusan 70-80m.Babu firam ɗin ƙarfe don 10KV, kawai sandar igiya mai layukan ƙarfin lantarki uku a kai.Yawanci a yankunan karkara;Layin sama na 35KV yawanci suna amfani da sandunan siminti guda ɗaya ko biyu na mita 15 (kuma suna amfani da ƙaramin adadin ƙananan hasumiya na ƙarfe, tsayin yana tsakanin mita 15-20) da guda 2-3 na insulators na malam buɗe ido, madaidaiciyar layin tsakanin sandunan Nisa shine. kimanin mita 120;220KV tabbas babbar hasumiya ce ta ƙarfe.Layukan sama na 220KV yawanci suna amfani da hasumiya na ƙarfe sama da mita 30 da dogayen igiyoyin insulators na malam buɗe ido.Tazarar madaidaiciyar layi tsakanin hasumiya na ƙarfe ya fi mita 200.Haɗaɗɗen insulators: Tabbatar da amintaccen aiki na tsarin wutar lantarki da kuma inganta amincin samar da wutar lantarki wata muhimmiyar alama ce ta kimanta kamfanonin wutar lantarki, kuma ci gaba da yin amfani da kayan fasahar zamani hanya ce mai inganci don magance wannan matsala.A matsayin sabon samfur, silicone roba hada insulator yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga haske nauyi, kananan size, anti-flashover, tsufa juriya, goyon baya-free da kuma goyon baya-free, kuma an yadu amfani a 35kV da 110kV Lines.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-30-2023